THE ANALYSIS INDICATED THE WIRELESS ACCES POINT WORK

In the development of the computer network technology, The infrastructure wireless became dominant. One of the main wireless component In the frequency 2,4GHz is wireless Access Point (WAP). So as the WAP election is to become very important So that in accordance with the capacity that is needed. In this paper will see the distribution capacity of energy, Backpland and the number client that could be given to one wireless acces point. Carried out as the illustration of the test against two products popular in Indoensia

PENGARUH TEMPERATUR TINGGI TERHADAP KUAT LEKAT DAN INITIAL CORROSION TULANGAN BAJA DALAM BETON

Kebakaran pada gedung beton bertulang, menyebabkan kualitas beton mengalami penurunan, hal ini disebabkan karena jumlah pori-pori kosong dalam beton semakin bertambah. Pori-pori kosong memudahkan air meresap ke dalam beton dan jika air tersebut mengandung asam, basa dan senyawa klorida akan menyebabkan terjadinya korosi pada tulangan baja di dalam beton. Penelitian dilakukan dengan ekperimental. Tulangan baja diamter 10 mm ditanam di dalam beton berbentuk kubus ukuran 100 x 100 x 100 mm sepanjang 50 mm dengan variasi kuat tekan 17.5 MPa, 20 MPa dan 30 MPa. Setelah benda uji mencapai umur 28 hari, benda uji dibakar pada suhu sekitar 4000C selama 1 jam menggunakan tungku pembakaran. Untuk mempercepat proses korosi, benda uji direndam di air yang telah ditambahkan NaCl sebesar 5% selama 24 jam dan dialiri arus DC sebesar 12 Volt. Uji korosi dengan metode half cell potential dengan cara mengukur beda potensial dengan Multitester. Selanjutkan dilakukan pengujian tegangan lekat dengan uji pull out. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, akibat temperatur tinggi 4000C, menyebabkan penurunan tegangan lekat tulangan baja dalam beton dengan kuat tekan (f’c) 17.5 MPa, 20 MPa, 30 MPa berturut-turut sebesar 69.09%, 64.07%, 62.02% atau rata-rata 65.07% dibandingkan beton prabakar. Hasil pengujian korosi menunjukan bahwa initial corrosion tulangan baja dalam beton prabakar maupun pascabakar memiliki tingkat resiko korosi 90% atau tinggi karena beda potensial untuk semua benda uji < -350 mV. Akan tetapi jika dilihat dari beda potensial, tulangan baja dalam beton pasca bakar lebih rendah daripada beton prabakar, kecuali beton dengan kuat tekan 30 MPa

Problems of Hydraulic Conductivity Estimation in Clayey Karst Soils

Even in karst areas, considerably thick soils can be found in accumulation zones. Here, the degree of groundwater vulnerability depends not only on the thickness, but also on the hydraulic conductivity and retention properties of the soil cover. The hydraulic conductivity of fine-grained karst soils from Slovakia, Croatia and Austria was studied within several international research projects, by the application of four different test methods. Results are discussed from different points of view. Triaxial tests yielded a very broad interval between the maximum and minimum hydraulic conductivity (from 5.83x10-7 m.s-1 to 3.50x10-11 m.s-1), therefore the mean value cannot be used in any calculations. The consolidometer method gave lower values in general, between 9.40x10-10 m.s-1 to 3.59x10-8 m.s-1. However, this method overestimates the soil “impermeability”. Estimates based on grain size are unsuitable, as fine-grained soils did not fulfil the random conditions of known formula. Finally, the “in situ” hydraulic conductivity was measured using a Guelph permeameter. As expected, “in situ” tests showed 100 to 1000-times higher kf than the laboratory tests. This method best reflects the real conditions. Therefore, only this type of data should be considered in any environmental modelling. In a soil profile, hydraulic conductivity depends on the mineral composition, depth, secondary compaction, etc. The degree and duration of saturation with water is very important for young soils containing smectite. Their hydraulic conductivity might be very low when saturated for long time, but also very high, when open desiccation cracks occur. A very slight trend was found, but only in Slovak soils, showing a decrease in the hydraulic conductivity with increasing content of the clay fraction <0.002 mm. These results should contribute to a better estimate of the protective role of soils in groundwater vulnerability maps

Loss of m(1)acp(3)Ψ ribosomal RNA modification is a major feature of cancer

The ribosome is an RNA-protein complex that is essential for translation in all domains of life. The structural and catalytic core of the ribosome is its ribosomal RNA (rRNA). While mutations in ribosomal protein (RP) genes are known drivers of oncogenesis, oncogenic rRNA variants have remained elusive. We identify a cancer-specific single-nucleotide variation in 18S rRNA at nucleotide 1248.U in up to 45.9% of patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and present across >22 cancer types. This is the site of a unique hyper-modified base, 1-methyl-3-α-amino-α-carboxyl-propyl pseudouridine (m(1)acp(3)Ψ), a >1-billion-years-conserved RNA modification at the peptidyl decoding site of the ribosome. A subset of CRC tumors we call hypo-m(1)acp(3)Ψ shows sub-stoichiometric m(1)acp(3)Ψ modification, unlike normal control tissues. An m(1)acp(3)Ψ knockout model and hypo-m(1)acp(3)Ψ patient tumors share a translational signature characterized by highly abundant ribosomal proteins. Thus, m(1)acp(3)Ψ-deficient rRNA forms an uncharacterized class of "onco-ribosome" which may serve as a chemotherapeutic target for treating cancer patients

A Comparison of Trace Element (TE) Release from High Noble Au-Pt Alloy and Base Co-Cr-Mo Alloy Under In Vitro Conditions of Imitating Oral Saliva

In a moist environment electrochemical conditions lead to release of metal ions into the patient\u27s saliva. The aim of this study was to examine and compare the types and quantities of metal ions released from two alloys: AuPt alloy and Co-Cr-Mo alloy under in vitro conditions, imitating artificial saliva. We soaked ten sets of Au-Pt alloy pieces having 133 mm2 exposure surface and ten sets of Co-Cr-Mo alloy (WironitR, Bego, Germany) pieces having 497 mm2 exposure surface for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days (six pieces each set) in phosphate buffered saline (pH 6.0) to mimic dental saliva. TE in the phosphate buffered saline (saliva) were assessed by ICP-AES (JY 50P, Jobin-Ywon, France) with the detection limit of 10 mg/L. We found detectable amounts (mg/L) of TE (Mean SD) released from Au-Pt alloy (Mean SD): Zn 124 (51), Cu 53 (63), Fe 15 (11) and Cr 18 (25) and detectable amounts of TE released from Co- Cr-Mo alloy (Mean SD): Co 337 (170), Fe 21 (15) Zn 87 (56), Ni 41 (68), and Cr 49 (42). The manufacturer did not indicate the presence of Zn and Fe in the Au-Pt alloy and the presence of Fe, Zn, and Ni in the Co-Cr- Mo alloy. Significantly higher amount of Zn was released from high noble AuPt alloy than from Co-Cr-Mo alloy (p<0.05) and a significantly higher amount of Cr was released from Co-Cr--Mo alloy than from Au-Pt alloy. There was no significant difference in the amount of Fe ions released between the two alloys (p>0.05). We must keep in mind that the amount of released TE may be much higher than the reported values after laboratory procedures (casting, polishing, etc.) and, moreover, other TE may become detectable

Determinants of postnatal spleen tissue regeneration and organogenesis

Abstract The spleen is an organ that filters the blood and is responsible for generating blood-borne immune responses. It is also an organ with a remarkable capacity to regenerate. Techniques for splenic auto-transplantation have emerged to take advantage of this characteristic and rebuild spleen tissue in individuals undergoing splenectomy. While this procedure has been performed for decades, the underlying mechanisms controlling spleen regeneration have remained elusive. Insights into secondary lymphoid organogenesis and the roles of stromal organiser cells and lymphotoxin signalling in lymph node development have helped reveal similar requirements for spleen regeneration. These factors are now considered in the regulation of embryonic and postnatal spleen formation, and in the establishment of mature white pulp and marginal zone compartments which are essential for spleen-mediated immunity. A greater understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms which control spleen development will assist in the design of more precise and efficient tissue grafting methods for spleen regeneration on demand. Regeneration of organs which harbour functional white pulp tissue will also offer novel opportunities for effective immunotherapy against cancer as well as infectious diseases

The Exoplanet Climate Infrared TElescope (EXCITE)

Although there are a large number of known exoplanets, there is little data on their global atmospheric properties. Phase-resolved spectroscopy of transiting planets – continuous spectroscopic observation of planets during their full orbits – probes varied depths and longitudes in the atmospheres thus measuring their three-dimensional thermal and chemical structure and contributing to our understanding of their global circulation. Planets with characteristics suitable for atmospheric characterization have orbits of several days, so phase curve observations are highly resource intensive, especially for shared use facilities. The Exoplanet Climate Infrared TElescope (EXCITE) is a balloon-borne near-infrared spectrometer designed to observe from 1 to 5 μm to perform phaseresolved spectroscopy of hot Jupiters. Flying from a long duration balloon (LDB) platform, EXCITE will have the stability to continuously stare at targets for days at a time and the sensitivity to produce data of the quality and quantity needed to significantly advance our understanding of exoplanet atmospheres. We describe the EXCITE design and show results of analytic and numerical calculations of the instrument sensitivity. We show that an instrument like EXCITE will produce a wealth of quality data, both complementing and serving as a critical bridge between current and future space-based near infrared spectroscopic instruments

Changes in soil carbon stocks of New Zealand’s grazed pasture in response to variations in management and environmental factors.

Dairy farming is New Zealand‟s pre-eminent primary industry. It achieves large export earnings but is also responsible for a large proportion of the country‟s greenhouse gas emissions. One of those greenhouse gases is CO₂, and in order to lower New Zealand‟s net greenhouse gas emissions, it is important to identify any management options that can lead to carbon sequestration in pasture soils and thereby minimise net CO₂ emissions to the atmosphere. It is equally important to understand what factors could lead to losses of soil carbon from pasture soils and thereby add further to New Zealand‟s CO₂ emissions. We addressed these questions by using two years of observations from an eddy-covariance system on a dairy farm in the Waikato that provided estimates of the exchanges of water and CO₂ with the atmosphere. We used CenW 4.1, a process-based ecosystem model, to describe these observations in terms of their biophysical drivers and the interactions between them. Agreement between the model and observations was excellent, especially for evapotranspiration and net photosynthesis, for which 91% and 79% of observed daily variations could be explained. The validated model was then used to run different scenarios to assess the effects on soil organic carbon of changes in the application of fertiliser and irrigation water, grazing scheduling, differences in plant-internal resource allocation, and changes in temperature and CO₂ concentration. We found that it was important to consider the combined effect of changes in net primary production, the amount of carbon taken off-site through grazing, the proportion of carbon allocated to pools, especially pools in the soil, that facilitates the stabilisation of carbon in organic matter, and any changes in the rate of organic matter decomposition. Soil organic carbon stocks were positively correlated with rates of fertiliser application and with the rate of water application (rain or irrigation) up to some moderate water application rates. For other changes in key properties, changes in soil organic carbon were often negatively correlated with changes in milk production. That was clearly evident for changes in the grazing regime and in plant root:shoot ratios. Anticipated environmental changes, such as increases in temperature and CO₂ concentration, and both increases and decreases in precipitation from moderate values had either neutral or detrimental effects on soil organic carbon stocks. Milk production was generally more positively affected under most environmental changes